<b>Narration</b>

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Welcome to the spoken tutorial on “<b>Laying Tracks on Printed Circuit Board</b>”.

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In this tutorial, we will learn to -
<p>Place <b>tracks</b> on <b>printed circuit board.</b>
</p><p>Add <b>dimension</b> and <b>text</b> on <b>Silkscreens.</b>
</p><p>Generate <b>Gerber files </b>and view them.
</p>

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This tutorial is recorded using -
<p><b>Ubuntu Linux</b> OS version 16.04
</p><p><b>eSim </b>version 1.1.2
</p>

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To practice this tutorial, you should know to:
<p>Read a <b>PCB netlist.</b>
</p><p>Draw <b>outline</b> and setup <b>design parameters</b> for a <b>board</b>.
</p><p>Move and orient <b>footprints</b>.
</p>

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If not, see the prerequisite <b>eSim</b> tutorials on this website.

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I have already opened <b>eSim</b> on my machine.

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Let us open example <b>7805VoltageRegulator.</b> I have saved this on my <b>Desktop</b>.

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I have already read the <b>netlist</b>, created an <b>outline</b> and set the <b>design parameters</b>.

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Click on <b>Open Project </b>from the left toolbar.

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And navigate to the location where you have saved this.

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I will browse to <b>Desktop.</b> Click on <b>7805VoltageRegulator.</b>

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Click on the <b>Open </b>button at the bottom right corner of this window.

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Click on <b>Open Schematic</b> button on the left toolbar, to open the <b>schematic</b>.

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Using <b>F1 </b>I will zoom into the <b>schematic</b>.

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Click on <b>Tools</b> button at the top toolbar, and select <b>Layout Printed Circuit Board</b>. Let me resize this window.

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I have moved and oriented the <b>footprints</b>, such that there is minimum intersection between <b>airwires</b>.

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Let us see how to convert the <b>airwires</b> into <b>tracks.</b>

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Under the <b>Layer</b> tab on the right side of the <b>Pcbnew window, </b>click on <b>B.Cu </b>once.

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<b>Layer</b> selected will be indicated by a <b>blue arrow</b> on the left side of <b>B.Cu</b>.

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Click on <b>Place </b>button in the top toolbar, and select <b>Track </b>from the menu.

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Let us place <b>tracks</b> for connecting the <b>capacitor C2</b> to the <b>output terminal J2.</b>
<p>I will zoom into the <b>layout screen.</b>
</p>

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Click on <b>node 1 </b>of <b>C2.</b>

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Let us drag this <b>track</b> from <b>node 1</b> of <b>C2</b> to <b>node 1 </b>of <b>J2, </b>by dragging the cursor till <b>node 1 </b>of <b>J2.</b>

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Double-click on <b>node 1 </b>of <b>J2 </b>to complete the <b>track</b>.

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Similarly connect all the other <b>nodes</b> except the <b>Ground nodes</b>.

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Press <b>Esc </b>key to exit the <b>Place Track</b> tool.

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<b>Ground nodes </b>are denoted by <b>GND </b>designation.

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Let us place a <b>ground plane</b> to connect all the <b>ground nodes</b>.

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Click on <b>Add filled zones</b> button located at the right side of the <b>Pcbnew window.</b>

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Click once, slightly above the top-left corner of the <b>board outline</b>.

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Let us place the <b>ground plane</b> on <b>Bottom Copper layer</b>.

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To do so, click on <b>B.Cu</b> under <b>Layer </b>column.

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Click on <b>GND</b> under <b>Net </b>column.

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Click on <b>OK </b>button at the bottom right corner of the <b>Copper Zone Properties </b>window.

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Drag the cursor with the pencil icon horizontally towards the right.

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Click once, slightly above the top-right vertex of the <b>outline</b>.

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Let us move this cursor vertically, towards the bottom-right vertex of the <b>board</b>.

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Click once slightly below bottom-right vertex.

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Similarly, we will draw a rectangular <b>ground plane outline </b>around <b>board outline.</b>

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Please do not confuse <b>board outline </b>with <b>ground plane outline.</b>

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I have completed the <b>ground plane outline.</b>

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Note that the <b>ground plane outline</b> should lie outside the <b>board outline</b>.

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Right-click inside the <b>board outline</b>.

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Click on <b>Fill or Refill all zones </b>button from the menu.

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We have added a <b>ground plane</b> to the <b>board</b>.

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Press <b>Esc</b> key to exit the <b>Add filled zones </b>tool.

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Let us now perform <b>Design Rule Check</b> i.e <b>DRC</b>, for the <b>layout</b> we created.

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It checks whether the <b>design</b> created is compliant with the <b>Design Rules</b> set earlier.

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Click on <b>Perform Design Rules check </b>present at the top of the <b>Pcbnew</b> toolbar.

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Click on <b>Start DRC.</b>

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This checks if any <b>design element</b> violates the <b>design parameters </b>set earlier.

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If there are any <b>design</b> errors, they will be displayed in <b>Error Messages</b> window.

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In my case, there are no errors.

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Click <b>OK</b> button at the bottom right corner to exit the <b>DRC Control </b>window.

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Now let us see how to add text on our <b>board</b>.

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Let us click on <b>F.Silks layer </b>to place text on the <b>Front Silk Layer</b>.

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Click on <b>Place </b>button from top toolbar and select <b>Text </b>option from the dropdown menu.

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Click once on the <b>Pcbnew </b>window.

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I will type <b>7805VoltageRegulator </b>in the <b>Text </b>window.

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Click on <b>OK </b>button at the bottom right corner of the <b>Text Properties </b>window.

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The <b>typed text</b> will be tied to the cursor.

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Drag cursor to bottom right corner of the <b>layout screen </b>and click once.

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We can see the <b>text</b> is placed in light blue color.

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Please make sure to click inside the <b>board outline.</b>

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Now let us see how to add <b>dimensions</b> to our <b>board design.</b>

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Click on <b>Margin </b>layer.

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Click on <b>Place </b>at top toolbar and select <b>Dimension </b>option.

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Click once on either vertex of the <b>board layout.</b>  I have chosen the top-right vertex.

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Let us drag the cursor towards the bottom right vertex in a straight line.

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Press <b>Enter</b> key twice. The <b>dimension</b> will be placed for the vertical edge of the <b>board</b>.

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We will perform similar steps for placing horizontal <b>dimensions</b> of the <b>layout</b>.

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Let us press <b>Ctrl </b>and <b>S </b>keys together to save the work.

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Let us now create <b>gerber files</b> for this <b>board</b>.

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Click on <b>Plot </b>button at the top of the <b>Pcbnew</b> toolbar.

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Click on the tab below <b>Plot format</b>.  Select <b>Gerber </b>out of the 6 options.

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Let us select the <b>layers</b> for which we want the <b>gerber files</b>.

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I will select <b>F.Cu, B.Cu, F.Silks </b>and <b>Edge.Cuts</b> and <b>Margin layers </b>by clicking on the boxes to the left.

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Click on <b>Browse </b>button at the top right of <b>Plot </b>window.

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Let us navigate to the desired directory where we want to save the <b>gerber files</b>.

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Click on <b>Desktop</b>, double-click on <b>7805VoltageRegulator.</b>

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Click on <b>Open </b>button at bottom right corner of <b>Select Output Directory </b>window.

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Click on <b>No </b>button of <b>Plot Output Directory </b>window.

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Click on <b>Plot</b> button located at the bottom of <b>Plot </b>window.

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Acknowledgement messages will appear in the <b>Messages</b> window.

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Let us generate the <b>drill file</b> in <b>gerber format</b> for our designed <b>board</b>.

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Click on <b>Generate Drill File </b>at the bottom of the <b>Plot </b>window.

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Click on <b>Browse </b>button at top right corner of <b>Drill Files Generation </b>window.

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I will navigate to <b>Desktop/7805VoltageRegulator.</b>

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Click on <b>Open</b> button at the bottom right corner of <b>Drill Files Generation </b>window.

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If <b>Plot Output Directory</b> window appears, Click on <b>No</b> button in the middle of <b>Plot Output Directory </b>window.

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Click on <b>Gerber </b>option placed in the middle of <b>Drill Files Generation </b>window if not selected.

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Click on <b>Drill File </b>option present at the right side of <b>Drill Files Generation </b>window.

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An acknowledgement message will appear in the <b>Messages </b>window.

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Click on <b>Close </b>button in the middle of <b>Drill Files Generation </b>window.

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Click on <b>Close </b>button at the bottom right corner of <b>Plot </b>window.

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Let us save our work by pressing <b>Ctrl</b> and <b>S</b> keys simultaneously.

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Now we will view the <b>gerbers </b>created.

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Open the <b>terminal</b> by pressing <b>Ctrl, Alt </b>and <b>T </b>keys together.

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Type <b>gerbview</b> and press <b>Enter </b>.

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Click on <b>File </b>from the top left corner, and select <b>Load Gerber File </b>option.

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Let us browse to directory where we have saved the <b>gerber files</b>.

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I will click on <b>Desktop,</b> and then double-click on <b>7805VoltageRegulator.</b>

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Press <b>Ctrl </b>and <b>A </b>keys at the same time to select all the <b>gerber files</b>.

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Click on <b>Open </b>button at the bottom right corner of the <b>Open Gerber file </b>window.

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We can see the <b>PCB Layout</b> we created in <b>Gerber format</b>.

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This is the <b>FR4 grade</b> copper cladded <b>sheet</b> on which we will transfer our design to.

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After etching and drilling appropriate <b>holes</b>, this is how the <b>board</b> will look.

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<b>Components</b> can now be mounted and soldered on this <b>board</b>.

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This is how the <b>board</b> looks after <b>components</b> are soldered on it.

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With this, we come to the end of this tutorial. Let us summarize.

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In this tutorial, we learnt to :
<p>Place <b>tracks</b> on <b>printed circuit board.</b>
</p><p>Add <b>dimension</b> and <b>text</b> on <b>Silkscreens.</b>
</p><p>Generate <b>Gerber files </b>and view them.
</p>

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Please post your timed queries in this forum.

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Please post your general queries on <b>eSim</b> in this forum.

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<b>FOSSEE</b> team coordinates the <b>Lab Migration</b> project.

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<b>FOSSEE</b> team coordinates the <b>Circuit Simulation</b> project.

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<b>Spoken Tutorial</b> Project is funded by <b>NMEICT, MHRD</b>, Govt. of India.
<p>For more details, visit this website.
</p>

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This is Saurabh from <b>IIT Bombay</b>, signing off. Thank you.

