<b>Narration</b>

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Welcome to the tutorial on <b>Draft Modification Tools</b>.

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In this tutorial,

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We will perform the following object operations

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Mirror, <b>Offset </b>

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Delete

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Trim, Extend

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Downgrade, Upgrade

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Rotate and Line segmentation

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To record this tutorial, I am using

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<b>Windows 11 </b>OS

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and <b>FreeCAD 0.21.1</b>

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To follow this tutorial,

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Learners must be familiar with the <b>FreeCAD</b> interface.

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For <b>pre-requisit</b>e tutorials, please visit this site.

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The files used in this tutorial are provided in the <b>code files</b> link.

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Please download and extract the files

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Make a copy and use them while practising.

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I have opened <b>FreeCAD</b> and opened the file provided with this tutorial.

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First let’s mirror the polygon using <b>Draft Modification Tools</b>.

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Select the pentagon and click on the <b>Mirror</b> tool as seen.

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Move the cursor to the canvas to draw the mirror angle and direction.

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Left click to set the first point and move the cursor to see the mirror line.

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In 2 dimensions this will be a line.

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I will draw a vertical line on the canvas to set the mirror line.

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When a tool is chosen, report view will prompt the user for the next action.

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Select the second point and left click again.

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Notice the <b>pentagon </b>is mirrored.

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The mirrored object and the parent are equidistant from the mirror.

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Pause the video and draw a mirror through the object.

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Notice the parent and child overlap

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Since they are symmetrically placed.

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Let’s delete the mirrored objects.

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To choose more than one object, hold down the <b>control</b> key while
<p>selecting. 
</p>

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Choose a mirrored object in the <b>combo view</b> and press the <b>Delete</b> key.

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The <b>Downgrade</b> tool converts complex objects into multiple simpler objects.

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Select the polygon.

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The object is shaded now.

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Click once on the <b>Downgrade</b> tool.

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Notice the object is converted to <b>wire</b> and not shaded.

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Click again on the <b>Downgrade</b> tool.

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Now the object is converted to multiple individual <b>edge</b> objects.

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Now the individuals can be edited separately.

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This is a very useful feature while drawing.

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I will press <b>control Z</b> to undo the property changes of the edited object.

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Next, let’s learn about the <b>upgrade</b> tool.

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Press the <b>control</b> and <b>A</b> keys together to select all the edges.

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You may also select them individually if needed.

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Click on the <b>upgrade</b> tool once.

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The objects are now grouped together as a single wire object.

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Click on the <b>upgrade</b> tool again.

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Now the <b>wire</b> is converted to a face object.

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Pause this video and downgrade the <b>face </b>object again to single edges.

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Now select only 4 of the edges and upgrade them to a wire.

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Move the wire object slightly away.

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Then, upgrade the wire object to a <b>face</b>.

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Notice the completed pentagonal face and also the edge that was not upgraded.

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Let’s learn about the <b>Trimex </b>tool by downgrading the object back to 5 edges.

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Click on one of the edges to select it as seen.

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For clarity in the video, I will increase the <b>line width</b> to 5.

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Adjust the zoom as desired.

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Now, click on the <b>Trimex</b> tool.

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We will learn to extend and trim the line now.

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Move the cursor away from the end of the selected line.

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To extend the line click on the desired spot on the canvas.

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I will undo this operation and demonstrate trim.

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Again select the line and choose the <b>Trimex tool</b>.

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Trim is dependent on the position and length of the trim.

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Now we move the cursor a little to trim the line as seen here.

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The region to be trimmed does not have the black overlay.

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Notice part of the line has a black overlay on the green selection.

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Left click once and notice the trimmed region.

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I will undo the trim by pressing <b>control</b> and <b>Z</b> keys together.

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Let’s repeat the process.

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Select the line, choose <b>trimex</b> and trim.

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Now carefully go past the half length of the line.

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You will notice the black overlay region inverts after you pass the half mark.

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Click on the canvas.

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This time the shorter segment is deleted and not the starting segment.

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I will select all objects by pressing <b>control</b> and <b>A</b> keys together.

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I will delete them and redraw a pentagon to learn the <b>offset tool</b>.

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Use <b>Wireframe</b> style for clarity.

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Select the <b>pentagon</b> and then the <b>offset tool</b>.

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Notice a concentric object as the cursor is moved on the canvas.

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The concentric object can have a larger size or smaller size.

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The distance from the parent is seen in the <b>task tab</b>.

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Without moving the cursor, type 5 and press the <b>Enter</b> key.

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The object is now enlarged.

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Pause the video, select the object and select the <b>offset</b> tool again.

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Now, check the <b>Copy</b> box in the <b>task</b> tab.

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Again repeat the <b>offset</b> to create a smaller or larger dimension.

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Left click on the <b>canvas</b> and notice that two objects are present now.

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Repeat this procedure with checking the box for <b>OCC</b>-style object.

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Notice the extra edge around the vertices that is added now.

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Next, let’s rotate the object using the <b>rotate tool</b>.

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Select the polygon and then click on the <b>rotate tool</b>.

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To rotate in a 2D plane, we have to set two parameters.

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They are the axis of rotation and the angle of rotation.

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First, let’s pick the pivot point for rotation.

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Move the cursor in the canvas and notice only <b>Δx</b> and <b>Δy</b> changes.

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Left click at the desired position in the canvas.

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Now the user is prompted to enter the base angle.

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I will move the cursor and left click once again.

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User can also type in the exact desired base angle without moving the cursor.

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Now the axis of rotation is set.

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User is now prompted to enter the rotation angle.

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I will enter 90 without moving the cursor and press the <b>Enter</b> key.

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Notice the rotated object.

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Users can practice the various options.

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As needed save your work and exit <b>FreeCAD</b>.

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Now let's summarize.

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In this tutorial, we learned about various <b>Draft modification tools</b>.

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They are:

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<b>Mirror</b>, <b>Upgrade</b> and <b>downgrade</b>

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Rotate

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<b>Trimex </b>and

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<b>Offset</b>

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For assignment activity, please do the following.

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Draw a line

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Scroll down to <b>subdivisions</b> in the <b>value</b> tab in <b>combo view</b>

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Change it to 5 and press <b>Enter</b>

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Move the cursor over the line

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Notice the 6 equal segments

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Practice the <b>modification</b> tools learned in this tutorial.

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Rotate, offset, downgrade, upgrade and mirror tools.

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This video summarizes the <b>Spoken Tutorial</b> Project.

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